"The Miracle of Human Creation"
Lunes, Nobyembre 9, 2015
Sabado, Setyembre 12, 2015
Electromagnetic waves are responsible for transmitting energy which
travels to any vacuum of outer space. It is created through the vibration of an
electric charge. The electromagnetic wave’s
electric and magnetic fields are perpendicular to each other and to the
direction of its wave. First, production of EM waves begins when charge
particles produce an electric field. As electric field exerts force with the
other particles, positive and negative charges accelerates to opposite
directions on the field. Second, a moving charge particle produces magnetic
field where it exerts force on other moving objects. Movements are
perpendicular to the direction of the velocity and do not include the speed.
Third, accelerating charged particle also produces EM waves where magnetic and
electric fields travel through empty with the speed of light. Electromagnetic
waves have seven types: radio waves, microwaves, infrared, visible light,
ultraviolet, x-rays and gamma rays.
Radio
waves have the lowest frequency but have the longest
wavelengths among all electromagnetic waves. It is often used to transmit data
like computer networks, radio, satellites etc. It is 103m and about
the size of a building or human. Heinrich Hertz discovered radio waves in 1887.
Microwaves are the second-lowest frequency waves in the EM spectrum
where it ranges from 300 MHz to 300 GHz. It can carry information through
obstacles that interfere with radio waves such as clouds, smoke and rain.
Microwaves are used for radar, landline phone calls and the transmission of
computer data. It was discovered by James Clerk Maxwell during 1864. The third
type of EM waves is Infrared waves. These waves are in the lower-middle
range of frequencies in the EM spectrum, between microwaves and visible light.Their frequencies range from 3 x 1011 Hz to 4 x 1014
Hz. It was William Herschel who discovered infrared during 1800. The fourth
type is Visible light. Visible light are waves which creates radiation
that can be seen by our naked eyes. The most noticeable natural source of
visible light is obviously the sun. It ranges from 4 x 10-7 m to 8 x
10-7 m. The colors of visible light are arranged from longest to
shortest. These colors include red, orange, yellow, green, blue, indigo, and
violet or remembered by the acronym ROYGBIV. The fifth type is Ultraviolet
radiation. These waves have shorter wavelength compared to visible light
but longer than X-rays. UVB also
helps us when we hang washing outside to dry, as some of the bacteria present in the washing are inactivated by exposure to UVB.
This helps to protect us from infection and is another reason to dry washing outside rather than in
an energy-hungry dryer. Most UV radiation is considered harmful not only to
humans. The sixth type of EM waves is X-rays. It is sometimes called
Roentgen rays because Wilhelm Conrad Roentgen discovered x-rays. X-rays are extremely
high-energy waves with wavelengths between 0.03 and 3 nanometers. X rays are
used to inspect canned good, other packaged products, used to destroy benign
and malignant tumors and can be used as treatment of leukemia and bursitis.
The last type of EM waves is Gamma rays. These waves have the highest
frequency among all EM waves. They are emitted by radioactive substances. It is
used for treating many diseases, used to detect cracks in metals and to
sterilize equipments etc.Electromagnetic waves
may be useful but it could be dangerous to humans. Waves that have shorter
wavelength with higher frequencies are considered harmful. Gamma rays are known
to be the most dangerous EM waves for it has the highest frequency.
They can penetrate the human body ad cause radiation poisoning after
nuclear events like melt downs. X-rays can penetrate skin and muscles when there
is too much exposure. UV rays can cause you to tan, get sunburn and get skin
cancer. Visible light is harmful especially when it is too bright. Staring at
the sun or high laser beam is an example of adverse visible light. Infrared is
heat and an example of it is fire. Fire is hazardous; it can burn you whenever
you get close to it. It also includes radiant heat sources.
Avoiding these harmful electromagnetic waves completely is
impossible but there are ways on how to minimize its damage. First, you have to
turn off and unplug appliances when not in use. Second, avoid living near to mobile phone towers,
electrical pylons and high tension wires, and also avoid using a microwave
completely. Third, live in a detached residence such as a house instead of an
apartment if possible. It has more and higher density of population in
apartments. Fourth, you must go to bed as early as you can because people who
are sensitive with EM waves will become fatigue, malnourish, dehydrated and
have a poor health. Other ways to lessen the bad effects of electromagnetic
radiation are avoiding air travel if not necessary; removing electrical smart
meters, follow good nutritional balance programs etc.
We
all know that EM waves are very useful to us but we must bear in mind that it
also has harmful effects. We must limit ourselves from being too exposed with
these appliances and gadgets to live a longer and healthier life.
Bibliography
The Physics
Classroom. <http://www.physicsclassroom.com/mmedia/waves/em.cfm> (accessed on September 8, 2015)
Braybury, Luc. “7 Types of Electromagnetic Waves.”<http://www.ehow.com/info_8434704_7-types-electromagnetic-waves.html> (accessed on September 8, 2015)
Mr.Lake. “What
electromagnetic waves are dangerous for humans?”<
http://socratic.org/questions/what-electromagnetic-waves-are-dangerous-for-humans> (Accessed on September 8, 2015)
Wright, Carolanne.
“It’s true: You really can protect yourself against electromagnetic radiation –
here’s how”. January 14, 2013. < http://www.naturalnews.com/038671_electromagnetic_radiation_protection_EMFs.html#ixzz3lEzmLNA0> (Accessed on September 9, 2015)
Martes, Agosto 4, 2015
Miyerkules, Hulyo 22, 2015
PACIFIC RING OF FIRE
The
Pacific Ring of Fire is the boundary of the Pacific plate. It is where most
earthquake, tsunamis, volcanic eruptions and seismic activities are formed. It
is sometimes called as the Circum-Pacific belt. Roughly 90% of all earthquakes
appear on the Ring of Fire. Most of these volcanoes are stratovolcanoes and 75%
of them are active and dormant. The Pacific Ring of Fire is not really that
circular but it looks more like the horseshoe and is 40,000 kilometers long. There
are a total of 452 volcanoes found in the Pacific. The Ring of Fire is the
result of tectonic plates. Creation and Destruction only happens mostly in the
Pacific through the process of subduction and mid-ocean ridges. Subduction is
the process where the movement of oceanic plate sinks in the mantle, and
destroys the seabed that results as trenches which is the deepest area of the
planet. The mid-ocean ridges which is considered as the “creation” because it
provides a never-ending supply of new rocks and seabed.
In
the Circum-Pacific Belt, subduction zones are mostly located. When subduction
begins, the denser plate is pushed into the mantle which carries water; melts
the magma and creates pressure. Having too much pressure causes volcanic
eruption where lava comes out on the crater. Volcanoes are formed based on the
two theories that scientist study and discover. The first theory says that the
massive friction of plates and the releasing of enough energy to melt rocks
cause the formation of volcanoes. The second theory states that some volcanoes
are formed in between plates; this is because hot spots rise up. Around the
Pacific Ring of Fire, you can pass a very deep trench that serves as an
evidence that subduction occurs. Living in the Pacific Ring of Fire is
dangerous. Whenever volcanoes erupt, it results to the big destruction of
structures and buildings near it. It is also the outcome of having earthquakes
and tsunamis that triples wreckage of a certain place. Volcanic eruption has disadvantages
when it blocks the transportation and communication; when crops are ruined; when
it creates a pyroclastic flow, lava flow etc. But we must also bear in mind the
advantages of having volcanic eruptions. These advantages like providing
resources for energy extraction or known as geothermal energy, making the soil
fertile, and even brought tourism in the area.
In
conclusion, the Pacific Ring of Fire plays a big role in the planet Earth.
Through the opening of volcanoes which releases heat, the Earth was able to
sustain life. There are constant changes in the Pacific Ring of Fire because of
the movement of tectonic plates. When plate tectonics hit each other, some
plates may sink and these are some of the causes in the creation of new
volcanoes. Earthquakes can’t only be felt when there is volcanic activity but
it also occurs when tectonic plates move. People living in high-risk areas must
always be prepared and remain alert for possible occurrence of large-scale
seismic events.
PLEASE TAKE OUT WITH FULL CREDITS
Lunes, Hunyo 29, 2015
Top 10 Most Deadliest Volcanic Eruption
TAMBORA, INDONESIA
erupted for more than 50 cubic kilometers of magma. It caused a lot of destruction and killed more than 100,000 people, directly and indirectly. The massive Tambora is a stratovolcano that forms the entire 60-km-wide Sanggar Peninsula on northern Sumbawa Island. It grew to about 4000 m elevation before a major explosion destroyed its summit and left a pre-1815 caldera more than 43,000 years ago. It is also believed that the eruption produced tsunamis with waves possibly as high as 10 meters.
Location: Island of Sumbawa, Indonesia (found
in the Pacific Ring of Fire)\
MT.PELEE, WEST INDIES
MT.PELEE, WEST INDIES
The explosive eruption of Mt. Pelee happened last
May 10, 1902. With a population of upward of 25,000 persons, the city has been
totally destroyed, and the survivors are reported to number less than two
score, nearly all of them burned, wounded, and suffering awful torturesMount Pelee is a a great volcano that is believed to be extinct a
long time ago, suddenly awoke from the sleep of many years. Out of the mouth of
the treacherous crater, around which nestled the summer villas and the pretty
homes of the wealthier of the French West Indian residents. (from:http://www.publicbookshelf.com/public_html/The_Great_Republic_By_the_Master_Historians_Vol_IV/mountpele_ge.html)
Location: Martinique
MT. KRAKATOA, INDONESIA
he tsunamis that followed the collapse of the volcano into the caldera below sea level.
The island of Krakatau (Krakatoa) is in the Sunda Strait
between Java and Sumatra. It is part of the Indonesian Island Arc. Volcanic
activity is due to subduction of the Indo-Australian tectonic plate as it moves
northward towards mainland Asia. The island is about 3 miles wide and 5.5 miles
long (9 by 5 kilometers).
Location: Sunda strait between the islands of Java and Sumatra.
NEVADO DEL RUIZ, COLUMBIA
Nevado del Ruiz is an active volcano, located in a compact
cluster of volcanic mountains near the center of Colombia. The area is included
in Los Nevados National Park, and is easily accessible by road. It is probably
the most popular climbing area in Colombia, as well as a popular ski spot in
winter. Some snow remains on the mountain year-round. Nevado del Ruiz is not
only the highest mountain in the region, but is one of the easiest to ascend,
straight up the snowy west slope from a parking lot at the base of the
mountain. A traverse of all four peaks requires
about a week. More than 23,000 people were killed in Armero, Colombia when
Nevado del Ruiz erupted on November 13, 1985. Location: Colombia
MT.UNZEN, JAPAN
The eruption of Mt. Unzen in 1792 is the most
catastrophic and deadly in all of Japan’s history. The initial eruption
triggered a landslide and tsunami. Mt. Unzen consists of a group of composite
volcanoes and they are located east of Nagasaki. It is said that most of the
death toll was as a result of the landslide and tsunami; evidence of the
devastating landslide can still be seen today.
LOCATION: Shimabara Peninsula of Nagasaki Prefecture, Japan (found in the
Pacific Ring of Fire)
MT.VESUVIUS, ITALY
This
is possibly one of the most famous volcanic eruptions in history and it is
particularly infamous due to the burial of two Italian towns, Herculaneum and
Pompeii. This eruption is so well documented due to the eyewitness account of
Pliny the Younger. During this eruption Mt. Vesuvius expelled a deadly cloud of
volcanic gas, stones, ash and fumes that rose to a tremendous height of 33km.
The eruption lasted two days and the eruption was made even more tragic because
of the fact that the unsuspecting residents of the Bay of Naples were unaware
that they were living in the shadow of a deadly volcano.(From:http://www.heritagedaily.com/2014/08/top-10-deadliest-volcanic-eruptions/104313)LOCATION: Province of
Naples, Italy
THE LAKI VOLCANIC SYSTEM, ICELAND
LOCATION: South of
Iceland
MT. Papandayan, INDONESIA
Situated on the Indonesian island of Java, Papandayan is a crater-filled
semi-active volcano. In 1772, one side of the volcano exploded and avalanched
into the surrounding 40 villages, destroying them completely. Over 3,000
villagers were killed. The volcano is still considered very dangerous and much of the surrounding area is restricted – especially considering
there have been smoke, tremors and minor eruptions in 1923, 1942, plus several,
all increasing in strength, in 2002. (from: http://www.toptenz.net/top-10-deadly-volcano-eruptions.php)
LOCATION: Indonesian island of Java
MT. KELUT, INDONESIA
When Mt. Kelut erupted in 1919 over 100 villages were destroyed
due to lethal lahars that traveled a distance for 40 kilometers. During this
eruption 38 million cubic meters of water were ejected from the Crater Lake.
The volcano has erupted on a large scale several times since 1919, including
once in 1966 and again in 1990.
LOCATION: Kelud Karangrejo, Garum, Blitar 66182, Indonesia
MT. GALUNGGUNG, JAVA INDONESIA
The Volcano erupted in October in 1882. As well as killing 4,011
people the eruption also destroyed 114 villages. Mt Galunggung is located on
the Pacific Ring of Fire, a well-known collection of volcanoes along a
horseshoe shape around the coasts of Asia and the west coasts of Central and
South America. This particular eruption was a VEI (Volcanic Explosive Index) 5
volcanic eruption.
LOCATION: Java, Indonesia
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